By c.1930 China was divided into two political camps - the Kuomintang Party (also known as the Nationalists) and the Communist Party of China. In first half of the 20th century China was plagued by civil wars, a devastating occupation by Japan (1930s-1945), natural disasters, and political upheaval. For 4,000 years, China was ruled by dynasties from the Xian to the Qing, until the latter was overthrown in 1911 and replaced with the Republic of China (ROC). Its ancient roots can be traced back to the 2nd millennium BC. China has also one of the longest and organized history and has been credited with the invention of great inventions such as gunpowder, the compass and paper, and its culture heavily influenced nearby countries such as Korea and Japan. The PRC has a 14,500-kilometer long coastline bounded by the South China Sea and the East China Sea (parts of the Pacific Ocean), beyond which lies Korea and Japan.Ĭhina is one of seat of the cradle of civilizations, as a country and cultural region, China is unique for it's long resilience and being the most continuous civilization of any country or civilization in the world. The Chinese landscape and climate is incredibly diverse, from sub-tropical forests in the south, to the frozen mountains of the Tian Shan and the Himalayas, and from windswept deserts and steppes to the fertile farmland of central China. It is a socialist one-party republic under the rule of the Chinese Communist Party. Symbol of the People's Liberation Army during the GLA WarsĬhina is the largest country in East Asia and the world's most populous nation with approximately 1.3 billion people as of 2010, or one-fifth of the world's population.
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